HW-1841 Sociology quiz

QUESTION 1
1. Which of the following variables best explains violence?

Race

Gang affiliation

Differential power

Alcohol or other drugs

QUESTION 2
1. Joe has lost all hope of getting rich even though he has tried to work hard. Out of frustration he turns to alcohol and other drugs and essentially withdraws from society. Joe has adapted to anomie by which method?

Ritualism

Innovation

Rebellion

None of the above

QUESTION 3
1. Murders among the middle class are more likely to include:

personal gain

alcohol

pre-meditation

commitment

All of the above

QUESTION 4
1. According to anomie theory, ritualists ______ the culture goals of society while they ________ the institutionalized (appropriate) means to obtain the goals.

reject/accept

accept/reject

reject/reject

accept/accept

QUESTION 5
1. Sociologists can apply no universal standard for judging cases of child abuse and neglect.
True
False

QUESTION 6
1. Sutherland’s differential association theory argued:

that differential associations vary in frequency and duration but not priority

that nondeviant and deviant behaviors express the same needs and values

that the learning of deviant behavior involves different ways of learning than learning normative behaviors

All of the above

QUESTION 7
1. Which of the following is NOT a reason why rape victims may not report the crime to the police?

Victims sometimes must deny implications that they consented by either resisting too weakly or by leading on their assailant.

A victim often encounters a strong stigma, even within her own family.

Rape victims have faced embarrassing questioning by the police and prosecutors to verify details of crimes.

All of the above are reasons why rape is underreported

QUESTION 8
1. Ejaculation is not required to prove rape.
True
False



QUESTION 23
1. Kitsuse suggested that some deviants rebel against their labels and attempt to reaffirm their self-worth by joining social movements to combat negative images. This is called what type of deviance? Constructive Deviance


QUESTION 24
1. Control theorists believe that deviance results from the absence of social control or restraint.
True
False

QUESTION 25
1. Which theories of deviance are more interested in the etiology of deviance than the epidemiology of deviance?

structural

processual

contextual

conventional

QUESTION 26
1. Of the following four sociological explanations for rape, which one did not garner any empirical support in Baron and Straus’s study?

rape represents an extension of legitimate violence in society

rape varies with the degree of gender inequality

rape results in part from depictions of women as sexual objects in pornography

rape results from value conflicts in the larger society

QUESTION 27
1. When discussing types of criminals, it is most helpful to classify them based on the categories of legal offenses that describe their behavior.
True
False

QUESTION 28
1. Jill and Hillary are prostitutes who joined an advocacy group fighting for the legalization of prostitution. They wish that prostitution were no longer considered deviant. What kind of deviance are they engaging in?

primary

tertiary

secondary

intermediary

QUESTION 29
1. Personal violence in urban areas is highest among young age groups and males. In the United States, what age group shows much higher homicide rates than any other group?

14-17

15-24

18-24

None of the above

QUESTION 30
1. ______ argued that failure to achieve legitimate goals is only one way one can experience anomie. One could also experience strain from removing positive stimuli or applying negative stimuli
Agnew

QUESTION 31
1. According to the critics of conflict theories:

conflict theorists ignore the socialization process

U.S. residents don’t agree about the illegal character and seriousness of acts such as homicide, robbery, and assault

members of the lower classes are not any more likely to go to prison than members of the middle class

there is strong evidence that the law itself can cause criminal behavior

QUESTION 32
1. The recognized criminal states of mind are intentionally, , recklessly, and .Knowingly

QUESTION 33
1. According to the Stanford Rape Education Project:

one in three female students has been raped

nearly half of all female students have been raped

around 40% of male students have been raped

college students are rarely if ever raped

QUESTION 34
1. __________ generally refers to acts for which the offender is not held personally accountable (which would, for example, include crimes committed by the mentally ill). However, this also extends to individuals and groups who have certain ascribed forms of deviance; that is, they are given deviant status on the basis of certain characteristics. Examples in our society might include – at different times – homosexuals, the mentally ill and the physically disabled.
Non-culpable



QUESTION 39
1. A late 1960s study in the Philadelphia correctional system found that almost _____ percent of male inmates that had passed through the system had been raped.

10

3

38

None of the above

QUESTION 40
1. Which of the following is an assumption of control theory?

Increases in formal social controls actually increase deviance

Why people become deviant is the most important question in the study of deviance

Humans are naturally egocentric and human nature is on the bad side of a neutral position

The principles of psychoanalysis are useless for studying deviance

QUESTION 41
1. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor or family characteristic that contributes to child abuse?

Grandparent is primary guardian

Family size

Income

Single-parent households

QUESTION 42
1. According to learning theorists, people learn deviance through different mechanisms than they learn conformity.
True
False

QUESTION 43
1. When comparing rates of child abuse internationally, we find that the U.S. rate of abuse:

is higher than in other countries

is generally lower than in other countries

are similar to those in other countries

international comparative studies have not been conducted

QUESTION 44
1. Which modes of adaptation commonly leads to deviance and crime?
Innovation

QUESTION 45
1. Labeling theorists argue that one can understand the concept of deviance only by:

figuring out why someone commits a deviant act in the first place

examining sociologically important topics such as social disorganization and anomie

asking deviant people why they do what they do
QUESTION 52
1. Which of the following statements is true?

The U.S. homicide rate is lower than the international rate.

Rates of violence have been increasing in the United States.

Offenders and victims of violent crimes tend to come from different social backgrounds.

Most violent crimes are committed by regularly violent career criminals.

QUESTION 53
1. Which of the following is NOT a recent legal reform for rape cases?

Shield laws that prevent publication of victims’ names.

Many states have increased the requirements for corroboration by others of rape victims’ testimony.

Many states have expanded rape limits to include any nonconsensual sexual behavior and not just intercourse.

The number of special units in police departments dealing with rape cases has increased.

QUESTION 54
1. What's the central question from the feminist's perspective?

How does gender shape people's social experience?

How is domestic violence and gender distributed among society's social structure?

How is rape a tool used in society to keep a woman in her place?

All of the above

QUESTION 55
1. Which of the following is NOT an argument of Sutherland's differential association theory?

the behavior that deviants learn include techniques of deviance and the specific direction of motives, drives, rationalizations, and attitudes that characterize particular forms of deviance

the primary learning of deviant behavior occurs within emotionally distant formal groups

deviants learn their behaviors through interaction with others

a person becomes deviant because definitions that favor violating norms excess definitions that favor conformity


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