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HW-1021 Geology MCQ Part-1
1. The two most common elements in Earth's crust are
A. oxygen and silicon.
B. oxygen and iron.
C. aluminum and silicon.
D. aluminum and iron.
2. Anthracite coal is a type of _______ rock.
A. chemical sedimentary
B. intrusive igneous
C. detrital sedimentary
D. metamorphic
3. Atoms tend to be electrically balanced, with an equal number of protons and electrons. However, if an
atom were to gain or lose an electron, it would have an imbalanced electrical charge. Such an atom is called
a/an
A. radioactive element.
B. ion.
C. isotope.
D. element.
4. When a geologist uses the phrase "heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids" to describe how a type of
rock is formed, he or she is probably referring to _______ rock.
A. sedimentary
B. intrusive igneous
C. metamorphic
D. extrusive igneous
5. Which of the following is the most important agent of metamorphism?
A. Sheer
B. Heat
C. Chemical fluid
D. Folding
6. Which of the following refers to molten rock below Earth's surface?
A. Magma
B. Lava
C. Lithified
D. Gelsite
7. Which one of the following is not true for minerals?
A. They have a specific, predictable chemical composition.
B. They can be identified by characteristic physical properties.
C. They have a specific, internal, crystalline structure.
D. They can be a liquid, solid, or glass.
8. Silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons have _______ silicon atom(s) and _______
oxygen atom(s).
A. four, one
B. three, one
C. one, three
D. one, four
9. Geologists use _______ to distinguish among detrital sedimentary rocks.
A. particle size
B. sediment quantity
C. color of particles
D. origin of sediment
10. The number of _______ in an atom's nucleus determines its atomic number.
A. electrons
B. protons plus neutrons
C. protons
D. neutrons
11. Which of the following is not one of the eight most common elements in Earth's crust?
A. Calcium
B. Carbon
C. Aluminum
D. Potassium
12. Which of the following is the most abundant chemical sedimentary rock?
A. Breccia
B. Conglomerate
C. Limestone
D. Quartz
13. An atom's atomic number is 6 and its mass number is 13. How many neutrons are in its nucleus?
A. 19
B. 6
C. 13
D. 7
14. Obsidian, a glassy volcanic rock, is also
A. regionalized metamorphic.
B. intrusive igneous.
C. extrusive igneous.
D. detrital sedimentary.
15. Which of the following refers to a useful metallic mineral that can be mined
for a profit?
A. Ore
B. Resource
C. Deposit
D. Reserve
16. Fossils are found in _______ rock.
A. metamorphic
B. intrusive igneous
C. sedimentary
D. extrusive igneous
17. If a geologist is discussing "compaction and cementation," he or she is probably referring to _______
rock.
A. sedimentary
B. igneous
C. regional metamorphic
D. thermal metamorphic
18. The first mineral to crystallize from a mass of magma is
A. andesite.
B. granite.
C. olivine.
D. rhyolite.
19. Which of the following best refers to the process of breaking down rock into smaller particles without
altering the internal structure of the minerals?
A. Compaction
B. Cementation
End of exam
C. Chemical weathering
D. Mechanical weathering
20. The basic idea behind Bowen's reaction series has to do with
A. how heat and pressure formed metamorphic rock.
B. the reaction of chemicals in the weathering of sedimentary rock.
C. the crystallization of magma over a temperature range of at least 200°C.
D. how sediments cemented together to form sedimentary rock.
21. If magma cools slowly, it allows atoms to migrate over great distances. Consequently, slow cooling
results in _______ crystals.
A. large
B. jagged
C. small
D. round
22. The term lithification means
A. breakdown of rock.
B. melting of rock.
C. recombination of rock particles.
D. conversion into rock.
23. What is another name for rust?
A. Iron oxide
B. Pumice
C. Obsidian
D. Quartz
24. The rate of cooling of molten rock strongly influences which of the following?
A. Overall color
B. Weight of rock
C. Crystal size
D. Specific gravity
25. When large chunks of igneous rocks are exposed to weathering and erosion, entire slabs may begin to
break loose due to the reduction of pressure. This process is called
A. thermal expansion.
B. frost wedging.
C. sheeting.
D. unloading.
Answer will be sent by email as attachment.
A. oxygen and silicon.
B. oxygen and iron.
C. aluminum and silicon.
D. aluminum and iron.
2. Anthracite coal is a type of _______ rock.
A. chemical sedimentary
B. intrusive igneous
C. detrital sedimentary
D. metamorphic
3. Atoms tend to be electrically balanced, with an equal number of protons and electrons. However, if an
atom were to gain or lose an electron, it would have an imbalanced electrical charge. Such an atom is called
a/an
A. radioactive element.
B. ion.
C. isotope.
D. element.
4. When a geologist uses the phrase "heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids" to describe how a type of
rock is formed, he or she is probably referring to _______ rock.
A. sedimentary
B. intrusive igneous
C. metamorphic
D. extrusive igneous
5. Which of the following is the most important agent of metamorphism?
A. Sheer
B. Heat
C. Chemical fluid
D. Folding
6. Which of the following refers to molten rock below Earth's surface?
A. Magma
B. Lava
C. Lithified
D. Gelsite
7. Which one of the following is not true for minerals?
A. They have a specific, predictable chemical composition.
B. They can be identified by characteristic physical properties.
C. They have a specific, internal, crystalline structure.
D. They can be a liquid, solid, or glass.
8. Silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons have _______ silicon atom(s) and _______
oxygen atom(s).
A. four, one
B. three, one
C. one, three
D. one, four
9. Geologists use _______ to distinguish among detrital sedimentary rocks.
A. particle size
B. sediment quantity
C. color of particles
D. origin of sediment
10. The number of _______ in an atom's nucleus determines its atomic number.
A. electrons
B. protons plus neutrons
C. protons
D. neutrons
11. Which of the following is not one of the eight most common elements in Earth's crust?
A. Calcium
B. Carbon
C. Aluminum
D. Potassium
12. Which of the following is the most abundant chemical sedimentary rock?
A. Breccia
B. Conglomerate
C. Limestone
D. Quartz
13. An atom's atomic number is 6 and its mass number is 13. How many neutrons are in its nucleus?
A. 19
B. 6
C. 13
D. 7
14. Obsidian, a glassy volcanic rock, is also
A. regionalized metamorphic.
B. intrusive igneous.
C. extrusive igneous.
D. detrital sedimentary.
15. Which of the following refers to a useful metallic mineral that can be mined
for a profit?
A. Ore
B. Resource
C. Deposit
D. Reserve
16. Fossils are found in _______ rock.
A. metamorphic
B. intrusive igneous
C. sedimentary
D. extrusive igneous
17. If a geologist is discussing "compaction and cementation," he or she is probably referring to _______
rock.
A. sedimentary
B. igneous
C. regional metamorphic
D. thermal metamorphic
18. The first mineral to crystallize from a mass of magma is
A. andesite.
B. granite.
C. olivine.
D. rhyolite.
19. Which of the following best refers to the process of breaking down rock into smaller particles without
altering the internal structure of the minerals?
A. Compaction
B. Cementation
End of exam
C. Chemical weathering
D. Mechanical weathering
20. The basic idea behind Bowen's reaction series has to do with
A. how heat and pressure formed metamorphic rock.
B. the reaction of chemicals in the weathering of sedimentary rock.
C. the crystallization of magma over a temperature range of at least 200°C.
D. how sediments cemented together to form sedimentary rock.
21. If magma cools slowly, it allows atoms to migrate over great distances. Consequently, slow cooling
results in _______ crystals.
A. large
B. jagged
C. small
D. round
22. The term lithification means
A. breakdown of rock.
B. melting of rock.
C. recombination of rock particles.
D. conversion into rock.
23. What is another name for rust?
A. Iron oxide
B. Pumice
C. Obsidian
D. Quartz
24. The rate of cooling of molten rock strongly influences which of the following?
A. Overall color
B. Weight of rock
C. Crystal size
D. Specific gravity
25. When large chunks of igneous rocks are exposed to weathering and erosion, entire slabs may begin to
break loose due to the reduction of pressure. This process is called
A. thermal expansion.
B. frost wedging.
C. sheeting.
D. unloading.
Answer will be sent by email as attachment.
